The European Union is contemplating a funding initiative to facilitate access to space services for Ukraine via EU-based commercial satellite providers, as detailed in a recent draft white paper on European defense.

This proposal emerges in response to concerns regarding the operational viability of Starlink, a satellite communication service that has been integral to the Ukrainian armed forces, particularly for military communications and drone operations amid the ongoing conflict.

Recent discussions among EU governments and institutions have identified four European satellite connectivity companies as potential alternatives to Starlink, which has provided crucial support for Ukraine.

The draft white paper emphasizes the need for the EU to ensure the availability of these space services 'upon demand of the Ukrainian armed forces.'

Eutelsat, a French satellite operator, currently stands out as the only European provider with a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation that can offer connectivity on par with Starlink.

Eutelsat’s system is tailored to operate using small, discreet devices with minimal signal latency, characteristics essential for military applications.

Eutelsat’s CEO previously indicated the company's capability to replace Starlink services in Ukraine within 'a couple of months.' However, the company has encountered manufacturing bottlenecks as it strives to scale up its production.

As of now, Starlink operates approximately 40,000 terminals in Ukraine.

In contrast, Eutelsat has deployed around 2,000 terminals, with an additional 4,000 terminals awaiting deployment and a recent order of another 10,000 to expand its service capacity.

It is important to note that not all of Starlink's terminals are employed by military forces; many are used to provide internet connectivity for the civilian population, particularly during heightened Russian attacks on communication infrastructure.

In addition to Eutelsat, alternative satellite connectivity providers such as Spain’s Hispasat and Luxembourg-based SES operate geostationary orbit satellites capable of delivering communication services.

Despite the fact that geostationary satellites typically necessitate larger receiving antennas and may incur higher latency than low-Earth orbit systems, they remain suitable for supporting civilian communication needs.

The draft white paper also contemplates the possibility of Ukraine partially associating with the EU space program and stresses the importance of collaborative efforts to safeguard space assets against cyber threats.

This emphasis on cybersecurity follows a significant cyberattack on American Viasat satellites used by Ukraine, which occurred shortly before the onset of the Russian invasion.

In a broader context, the draft white paper outlines the EU’s ambitions to establish a 'single market for defense,' which would promote joint procurement strategies among member states to address critical gaps in defense resources.

It has identified seven key areas of urgent need, including air and missile defense systems, advanced artillery, drones, and enhanced military mobility.

The document advocates for pooled resources and expertise while reinforcing the European defense industry.

Furthermore, the Commission intends to propose EU preference in public procurement for defense-related sectors to stimulate the development of European defense technology.

While the draft remains under review, it continues to focus on bolstering the EU's defense capabilities in light of perceived threats, especially from Russia and China, thereby ensuring a strategic alignment of military resources across member states.